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翻訳と辞書　辞書検索 [ 開発暫定版 ] スポンサード リンク Destruction of Kalisz ： ウィキペディア英語版 Destruction of Kalisz The destruction and sacking of the city of Kalisz ((ポーランド語:zburzenie Kalisza)) occurred in August 1914. It was carried out by German Empire troops. From August 2 until August 22, 1914 at the beginning of World War I, one of the oldest towns in Poland (then under Russian administration), was shelled, bombed and burned down. The event is also known as the Pogrom of Kalisz or Poland’s Louvain (see ''Schrecklichkeit'' atrocities). Kalisz was founded in the 13th century on an ancient site encircled by the Prosna river. It has a typical mediaeval urban structure. On February 13, 1793, Kalisz and the Kalisz region were annexed by Prussia during the partition of Poland; but after Napoleon's defeat on the Eastern front, it was taken over by Imperial Russia, which subsequently controlled the city for more than 100 years – from February 14, 1813, until August 2, 1914. The Prussian army invaded Kalisz from the nearby Ostrowo on August 2, 1914. Major Hermann Preusker, the commander of the second battalion of the 155th Infantry Regiment, gave the order to burn down the city. As a result, 95% of Kalisz was completely destroyed. Most of the houses within the mediaeval town area were levelled to the ground. Only churches and public offices survived. A significant number of citizens were shot. Prior to the war, Kalisz had 65,000 citizens. It was left with 5,000 inhabitants following the August exodus. The recovery took years; however, even before the war ended, the Town's Council already decided to rebuild Kalisz in such a way as to reflect its long history. The reconstruction was based on a design which won the 1916 competition, although the German authorities opposed it. After the town was liberated from Germany in 1918 and became part of the reborn sovereign Poland, reconstruction was pursued in an energetic and enthusiastic way. ==Outbreak of World War I== 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Destruction of Kalisz」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク 翻訳と辞書 : 翻訳のためのインターネットリソース Copyright(C) kotoba.ne.jp 1997-2016. All Rights Reserved.